{"id":13232,"date":"2023-12-21T18:39:51","date_gmt":"2023-12-21T18:39:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lietuvoskartografija.lt\/lithuanianmaps\/?p=13232"},"modified":"2023-12-21T18:45:48","modified_gmt":"2023-12-21T18:45:48","slug":"poland-as-divided-1813-1817","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lietuvoskartografija.lt\/lithuanianmaps\/index.php\/2023\/12\/21\/poland-as-divided-1813-1817\/","title":{"rendered":"POLAND As Divided, 1813\u20131817"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"13232\" class=\"elementor elementor-13232\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e87c594 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e87c594\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-901262e\" data-id=\"901262e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24565ce elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-pagination-position-outside elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel\" data-id=\"24565ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;both&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;effect&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image-carousel .swiper,.elementor-widget-image-carousel .swiper-container{position:static}.elementor-widget-image-carousel .swiper-container .swiper-slide figure,.elementor-widget-image-carousel .swiper .swiper-slide figure{line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-image-carousel .swiper-slide{text-align:center}.elementor-image-carousel-wrapper:not(.swiper-container-initialized):not(.swiper-initialized) .swiper-slide{max-width:calc(100% \/ var(--e-image-carousel-slides-to-show, 3))}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel-wrapper swiper-container\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"off\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"1 of 3\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"24565ce\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"1813_jgmenzies_thomson_poland_as_divided_natlibpol_mapywig_COMP80\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"Dated 1813. All three versions from the National Library of Poland via www.mapywig.org\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTMyMzUsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9saWV0dXZvc2thcnRvZ3JhZmlqYS5sdFwvbGl0aHVhbmlhbm1hcHNcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjNcLzEyXC8xODEzX2pnbWVuemllc190aG9tc29uX3BvbGFuZF9hc19kaXZpZGVkX25hdGxpYnBvbF9tYXB5d2lnX0NPTVA4MC0xLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjI0NTY1Y2UifQ%3D%3D\" href=\"https:\/\/lietuvoskartografija.lt\/lithuanianmaps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1813_jgmenzies_thomson_poland_as_divided_natlibpol_mapywig_COMP80-1.jpg\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/lietuvoskartografija.lt\/lithuanianmaps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1813_jgmenzies_thomson_poland_as_divided_natlibpol_mapywig_COMP80-1.jpg\" alt=\"1813_jgmenzies_thomson_poland_as_divided_natlibpol_mapywig_COMP80\" \/><\/figure><\/a><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"2 of 3\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"24565ce\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"&quot;POLAND As Divided,&quot;\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"1814, with a glued-on &quot;No.32&quot;. All three versions from the National Library of Poland via www.mapywig.org\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTMyNDIsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9saWV0dXZvc2thcnRvZ3JhZmlqYS5sdFwvbGl0aHVhbmlhbm1hcHNcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjNcLzEyXC8xODE0X21lbnppZXNfdGhvbXNvbl9wb2xhbmRfYXNfZGl2aWRlZF9uYXRsaWJwb2xfbWFweXdpZ19DT01QODUuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiMjQ1NjVjZSJ9\" href=\"https:\/\/lietuvoskartografija.lt\/lithuanianmaps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1814_menzies_thomson_poland_as_divided_natlibpol_mapywig_COMP85.jpg\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/lietuvoskartografija.lt\/lithuanianmaps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1814_menzies_thomson_poland_as_divided_natlibpol_mapywig_COMP85.jpg\" alt=\"&quot;POLAND As Divided,&quot;\" \/><\/figure><\/a><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"3 of 3\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"24565ce\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"&quot;POLAND As Divided,&quot;\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"1817, with a glued-on &quot;No.32&quot;\nAND increased forest cover on the plate\nvs. the 1813 version. All three versions from the National Library of Poland via www.mapywig.org\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTMyNDYsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9saWV0dXZvc2thcnRvZ3JhZmlqYS5sdFwvbGl0aHVhbmlhbm1hcHNcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjNcLzEyXC8xODE3X21lbnppZXNfdGhvbXNvbl9wb2xhbmRfYXNfZGl2aWRlZF9uYXRsaWJwb2xfbWFweXdpZ19DT01QODIuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiMjQ1NjVjZSJ9\" href=\"https:\/\/lietuvoskartografija.lt\/lithuanianmaps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1817_menzies_thomson_poland_as_divided_natlibpol_mapywig_COMP82.jpg\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/lietuvoskartografija.lt\/lithuanianmaps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1817_menzies_thomson_poland_as_divided_natlibpol_mapywig_COMP82.jpg\" alt=\"&quot;POLAND As Divided,&quot;\" \/><\/figure><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-left\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-next\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-pagination\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-eg5anmd elementor-section-content-top elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"eg5anmd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-36e7ccd\" data-id=\"36e7ccd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e729a4a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e729a4a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">description<\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-febb385 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"febb385\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">POLAND As Divided<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-610fe6f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"610fe6f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"text\">J. &amp; G. Menzies of Edinburgh were engravers for Edinburgh publisher John Thomson and others beginning 1819,\u00a0 according to Tooley, but one of the three following maps with their imprint is dated 1813, and Kevin Brown at Geographicus says the firm started 1811. That line on the plate: &#8220;J. &amp; G. Menzies Sculp.t Edin.&#8221; under the bottom right frameline, is what these three maps, titled &#8220;POLAND As Divided,&#8221; have in common. There is no mention of what is under the middle of the frameline on identical maps: &#8220;Drawn and Engraved for Thomson&#8217;s New General Atlas.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-p5fzadt elementor-section-content-top elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"p5fzadt\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dae59b1\" data-id=\"dae59b1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59109b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"59109b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Year<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c163e08 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c163e08\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>1813\u20131817<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-690ed9e\" data-id=\"690ed9e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ab8eba elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7ab8eba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Author<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e382e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5e382e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"text\">J. &amp; G. Menzies <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a8709b1\" data-id=\"a8709b1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25c9e7a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"25c9e7a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sources<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e64f90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0e64f90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mapywig.org\"><em>www.mapywig.org<\/em><\/a><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Map gallery<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":13235,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","site-sidebar-layout":"","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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